Ukuba ukhe wemba useto lwenethiwekhi yekhompyuter yakho, ukhe wabona iidilesi ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ezidweliswe: idilesi ye-IP kunye nedilesi ye-MAC. Zombini ziyafuneka ukuze isixhobo sakho sinxibelelane kwi-Intanethi, kodwa sisebenzisa iinjongo ezahlukeneyo.
Idilesi ye-MAC: I-DNA yeSixhobo sakho
Idilesi ye-MAC (Media Access Control) yidilesi yendawo etshiswe kwinethiwekhi yekhadi lesixhobo sakho ngumvelisi. Ijongeka njengoluhlu lweeleta kunye namanani ahlukaniswe ngamakholoni (umzekelo, 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E).
- Isigxina: Ngokubanzi, idilesi ye-MAC ayitshintshi. Ibotshelelwe ngokusisigxina kwi-hardware.
- Ububanzi: Isetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lwendawo kuphela. Xa ilaptop yakho ithumela idatha kwirutha yakho yeWi-Fi yasekhaya, isebenzisa iidilesi zeMAC ukuqinisekisa ukuba idatha iya kwisixhobo somzimba esifanelekileyo kwigumbi.
- Ubungasese: Iidilesi ze-MAC azihambi kwi-intanethi. Iwebhusayithi oyindwendwelayo ayinakuyibona idilesi yakho ye-MAC; babona kuphela idilesi yakho ye-IP.
Idilesi yeIP: Idilesi yemeyile yesiXhobo sakho
Idilesi ye-IP (Internet Protocol) yidilesi enengqiqo eyabelwe yinethiwekhi yakho (okanye i-ISP). Kubonakala ngathi
- Isigxina: Iidilesi ze-IP zitshintsha rhoqo. Ukuba uthatha ilaptop yakho kwindlu yakho uyisa kwivenkile yekofu, idilesi yakho ye-MAC ihlala injalo, kodwa uya kunikwa idilesi ye-IP entsha ngomzila wevenkile yekofu.
- Ububanzi: Isetyenziselwa unxibelelwano lwehlabathi. Idilesi ye-IP ivumela idatha ukuba ihanjiswe ukusuka kwiseva embindini welizwe lonke, nge-intanethi, ukuya kwirutha yendawo yakho.
Indlela Abasebenzisana Ngayo
Cinga nge-intanethi njengenkonzo yeposi. Idilesi ye-IP ifana nekhowudi ye-ZIP kunye negama lesitrato-ifumana ipakethe (idatha) kwisakhiwo esifanelekileyo (umzila wakho). Nje ukuba iphakheji ikwisakhiwo, idilesi ye-MAC ifana negama elikumnyango wendlu ethile-iqinisekisa ukuba i-router ihambisa idatha kwi-laptop yakho, kungekhona ithebhulethi yomntu ohlala naye.