Haeba u sheba aterese ea hau ea IP kajeno, u ka bona tatelano e tloaelehileng ea linomoro tse 'ne joalo ka 192.168.1.1. Ena ke aterese ea IPv4. Empa hape o ka bona mohala o molelele, o rarahaneng o kenyelletsang litlhaku le linomoro, joalo ka 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334. Eo ke aterese ea IPv6. Hobaneng ho na le mefuta e 'meli e fapaneng, hona hobaneng IPv6 e nka sebaka?
Bothata ba IPv4
IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) e ile ea ntlafatsoa mathoasong a bo-1980. E sebelisa sebaka sa liaterese tsa 32-bit, ho bolelang hore e ka ts'ehetsa liaterese tse ikhethang tse ka bang limilione tse likete tse 4.3. Lilemong tsa bo-1980, sena se ne se bonahala e le chelete e ke keng ea lekanngoa. Ha ho motho ea ileng a bolela esale pele hore qetellong, motho e mong le e mong o tla ba le smartphone, khomphuta, TV e bohlale, le mabone a hoketsoeng ke inthanete.
Ka 2011, ngoliso ea lefatše ka bophara e ile ea felloa ke liaterese tse ncha, tse sa abeloang IPv4. Li-ISP li ile tsa tlameha ho qala ho sebelisa maqheka a bohlale (joaloka NAT) ho arolelana aterese e le 'ngoe ea sechaba ea IP har'a malapa a mangata ho boloka marang-rang a sebetsa.
Kenya IPv6
IPv6 e etselitsoe ho rarolla bothata bona ba ho khathala. Sebakeng sa li-bits tse 32, e sebelisa li-bits tse 128. Katoloso ena e kholo e bolela hore IPv6 e ka fana ka liaterese tse ka bang 340 tsa undecillion (ke hore 340 e lateloe ke lizero tse 36). Ho beha taba eo hantle, ho na le liaterese tsa IPv6 tse lekaneng ho abela athomo e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e holim'a Lefatše.
Hobaneng IPv6 e le Betere
Ntle le ho re fa liaterese tse ling, IPv6 e tlisa lintlafatso tse 'maloa tsa tekheniki:
- Ha ho sa na NAT: Ka IPv4, router ea hau e sebelisa Network Address Translation (NAT) ho pata lisebelisoa tsohle tsa hau tsa lapeng ka mor'a IP e le 'ngoe ea sechaba. Ka IPv6, sesebelisoa se seng le se seng se ka tlung ea hau se ka ba le aterese ea sona e ikhethang, e ka tsamaisoang lefatšeng ka bophara, ea etsa hore likhokahano tsa lithaka (joalo ka papali ea inthanete le VoIP) li potlake hape li tšepahale.
- Tshireletso e Hahiloeng: IPv6 e entsoe ka IPsec (Internet Protocol Security) e hahiloeng, e fanang ka kholiso ea ho qetela le ho netefatsa, ho etsa hore ho thibela data ho be thata le ho feta.
- Tsela e Sebetsang Haholo: Sebopeho sa IPv6 se nolofaletsa lirouter ho sebetsa liphutheloana, tse ka lebisang ho boiphihlelo bo potlakileng ba Marang-rang.
Phetoho e lieha, empa e ke ke ea qojoa. Ha ho hlokahale hore u etse letho ho ntlafatsa - ISP ea hau le lisebelisoa tsa hau li tla sebetsana le eona ka morao!