Kana ukatarisa IP yako nhasi, unogona kuona kutevedzana kwakajairika kwenhamba ina se192.168.1.1. Iyi i IPv4 kero. Asi unogonawo kuona tambo refu, yakaoma kunzwisisa inosanganisira mavara nenhamba, senge 2001:0db8:85a3:0000:0000:8a2e:0370:7334. Ndiyo kero yeIPv6. Sei kune marudzi maviri akasiyana, uye nei IPv6 ichitora?
Dambudziko neIPv4
IPv4 (Internet Protocol version 4) yakagadzirwa mukutanga kwema1980. Inoshandisa 32-bit kero nzvimbo, zvinoreva kuti inogona kutsigira inokwana mabhiriyoni 4.3 kero dzakasiyana. Mumakore ekuma1980, izvi zvaiita semari isingaperi. Hapana akafanotaura kuti pakupedzisira, munhu wese achange aine smartphone, komputa, smart TV, uye internet-yakabatana magirobhu.
Muna 2011, registry yepasi rose yakapera zviri pamutemo kero itsva, isina kupihwa IPv4. ISPs dzaifanira kutanga kushandisa hungwaru (seNAT) kugovera imwe kero yeruzhinji IP pakati pedzimba dzakawanda kuti internet ishande.
Pinda IPv6
IPv6 yakagadzirwa kugadzirisa dambudziko iri rekuneta. Panzvimbo ye 32 bits, inoshandisa 128 bits. Uku kukura kukuru kunoreva kuti IPv6 inogona kupa anenge 340 undecillion kero (ndiyo 340 inoteverwa nemazero makumi matatu nematanhatu). Kuisa izvo mumaonero, kune akakwana IPv6 kero yekupa imwe kune yega atomu iri pamusoro pePasi.
Sei IPv6 irinani
Kupfuura kutipa mamwe kero, IPv6 inounza akati wandei magadzirirwo ehunyanzvi:
- Hapasisina NAT: Ne IPv4, router yako inoshandisa Network Address Translation (NAT) kuviga midziyo yako yese yekumba kuseri kweIP imwe yeruzhinji. NeIPv6, mudziyo wega wega uri mumba mako unogona kuve neyayo yakasarudzika, yepasi rose yeruzhinji IP kero, ichiita peer-to-peer kubatana (sekutamba online uye VoIP) nekukurumidza uye kwakavimbika.
- Kudzivirirwa Kwakavakwa: IPv6 yakagadzirwa neIPsec (Internet Protocol Security) yakavakirwa-mukati, iyo inopa kuguma-kumagumo encryption uye huchokwadi, zvichiita kuti kutora data kuome zvakanyanya.
- Mafambiro Akawanda Anoshanda: Mamisikirwo eIPv6 anoita kuti zvive nyore kumarouta kugadzirisa mapaketi, izvo zvinogona kutungamira kune nekukurumidza kwese kweinternet ruzivo.
Shanduko inononoka, asi isingadzivisiki. Iwe haufanire kuita chero chinhu kukwidziridza-ISP yako uye zvishandiso zvako zvinozvibata otomatiki kumashure!