Inā ua ʻeli ʻoe i nā hoʻonohonoho pūnaewele o kāu kamepiula, ua ʻike paha ʻoe i ʻelua mau helu helu ʻokoʻa i helu ʻia: kahi IP address a me kahi helu MAC. Pono nā mea ʻelua no kāu kelepona e kamaʻilio ma ka pūnaewele, akā lawelawe lākou i nā kumu like ʻole.
ʻO ka helu MAC: ʻO DNA o kāu polokalamu
ʻO kahi helu MAC (Media Access Control) kahi helu kino i puhi ʻia i loko o ke kāleka pūnaewele o kāu kelepona e ka mea hana. Ua like ia me ke kaula o nā leka a me nā helu i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia e nā kolonā (e laʻa, 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E).
- Paʻa: ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole e loli ka helu MAC. Ua nakinaki mau ia i ka lako.
- Paʻa: Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ke kamaʻilio kūloko. Ke hoʻouna aku kāu pona i ka ʻikepili i kāu kelepona Wi-Fi home, hoʻohana ʻo ia i nā helu MAC e hōʻoia i ka hele ʻana o ka ʻikepili i ka hāmeʻa kino kūpono i loko o ka lumi.
- Pūnaewele: ʻAʻole hele nā helu MAC ma ka pūnaewele puni honua. ʻAʻole hiki i kahi pūnaewele āu e kipa ai ke ʻike i kāu helu MAC; ʻike wale lākou i kāu helu IP.
ʻO ka IP Address: ʻO ka leka uila o kāu hāmeʻa
ʻO kahi helu IP (Internet Protocol) kahi helu kūpono i hāʻawi ʻia e kāu pūnaewele (a i ʻole ISP). Me he 192.168.1.5 (IPv4) a i ʻole ke kaula lōʻihi (IPv6).
- Paʻa: Hoʻololi pinepine ʻia nā helu IP. Inā lawe ʻoe i kāu pona mai kou hale i kahi hale kūʻai kofe, e mau ana kāu helu MAC, akā e hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi leka uila IP hou e ke alalai o ka hale kūʻai kope.
- Pai: Hoʻohana ʻia ia no ke kamaʻilio honua. Hiki i ka IP address ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka ʻikepili mai kahi kikowaena ma waena o ke ao holoʻokoʻa, ma o ka pūnaewele, i kāu router kūloko.
Pehea Ko laua hana pu ana
E noʻonoʻo i ka pūnaewele e like me ka lawelawe leka uila. ʻO ka helu IP e like me ka ZIP code a me ka inoa alanui—loaʻa iā ia ka pūʻolo (ʻikepili) i ka hale kūpono (kou router). Aia ka pūʻolo i ka hale, ua like ka helu MAC me ka inoa ma ka puka hale kūʻokoʻa - e hōʻoia i ka hāʻawi ʻana o ke alalai i ka ʻikepili i kāu kamepiula, ʻaʻole i ka papa o kāu hoa noho.